考研英语常见前缀 1. anti- 相反的: antiwar, antimatter, antinuclear 2. auto- 自动的: automatic, autobiography 3. ab- 相反,变坏,离去: abnormal, abuse, abandon, abolish 4. bi- 两个: bicycle, bilingual, biweekly 5. by- 在旁边,副的: byproduct, byroad 6. co- 共同,一起: coauthor, cooperate, coexist 7. counter- 相反: counteract, counterattack, contrary, contrast 8. dis- 否定,相反或相对: disagree, disadvantage, dishonest 9. de- 否定,去掉,减少,离开: devalue, deforestation, decode 10. em- 用在b.p.前,使…进入状态: embody, empower 11. ex- 前,前任: ex-wife, ex-president 12. extra- 额外的,外部的: extraordinary, extracurricular 13. en- 使…进入状态: endanger, enlarge 14. fore- 前,提前,预先: forearm, forewarn, forecast 15. homo- 同类的: homosexual, homogeneous, homocentric 16. hyper-超过,太多: hyperbole(夸张), hyperactive(过度活跃的), hypercritical(苛求的) 17. in-/im-/il-/ir- 不,反: indirect, insensitive, immoral, impossible, illegal, illiterate, irregular, irresponsible 18. inter- 在…之间,相互: international, interchange 19. intra-/intro- 向内,入内: introduce, introspect, introvert(性格内向的人) 20. macro- 表示"宏伟""大": macroeconomic(宏观经济,整体经济), macrostructure(宏观结构) 21. mal- 表示"坏""恶": malfunction(故障), maltreat(虐待,滥用) 22. micro- 表示"微" "小": microeconomic(微观经济), microscope(显微镜), microelectronics(微电子学) 23. mid- 表示"中,中部": middle, midday, midnight 24. mini- 表示"小": minibus, miniskirt, miniature 25. mis- 表示"错误,坏": misfortune(不幸), misunderstand(误解) 26. mono- 表示"单个,一个": monologue(独白), monotone(单调), monoplane(单翼机) 27. multi- 表示"很多": multinational(多国的,跨国的), multipurpose(多种用途的,多种目标的) 28. non- 表示"不,非": nonsense(胡说), nonresident(不住在任所的) 29. over- 表示"过度,过分": overuse, overtime; 表示"在...之上": overhead; 表示"反转": overturn, overcome 30. post- 表示"…后": postgraduate, postwar 31. pre- 表示"...前的,预先": prewar, prepay, prepare, predict 32. pro- 表示"向前,前往": prospect, progress, propose; 表示"赞同,亲": pro-America, pro-abortion 33. pseudo- 表示"假,伪": pseudonym(假名,笔名), pseudoscience(假科学,伪科学) 34. re- 表示"一再,重新": reuse, reunite, rebuild; "向后,相反,不": reject, refuse, rebel 35. self- 表示"自己,自身": self-employed(自己经营的), self-taught(自学而成的,自修的) 36. semi- 表示"半,不完全地": semicircle(半圆形), semifinal(半决赛) 37. step- 表示"后,继": stepmother, stepchildren 38. sub- 表示"下,在下;低于,副,亚,次": subdivide(再分,细分), subsection(分部,小部分), subway 39. super- 表示"在…之上,加之": supermarket, supernatural(超自然的) 40. sur- 表示"超过,在上面": surface, surpass(超越,胜过), surmount(战胜,克服),surcharge(超载,追加罚款) 41. tele- 表示"远": telecommunication(电讯,远程通讯), telescope 42. therm(o)-表示"热,热电": thermometer(温度计,体温计), thermochemistry(热化学) 43. trans- 表示"横过,穿过": transplant, transport, transnational, transatlantic(大西洋彼岸的) 44. tri- 表示"三": triangle, tricycle 45. ultra- 表示"极端,过度": ultramodern(超级现代化), ultrasound(超音,超声波), ultra-democracy(极端民主) 46. un- 表示"不,非,无": unreal, uncomfortable, unfortunate, unconditional(无条件的) 47. under- 表示"在…之下,次于,不足": underground, underdeveloped, undersea, underline 48. uni- 表示"单一": uniform, unidirectional(单向的), united(一致的,统一的,团结的) 49. vice- 表示"副": vice-chairman, vice-governor, vice-president 考研英语常见后缀 ➢ 高频后缀 50. -tion 常将动词转变为名词的后缀: action, acquisition 51. -ure 多为表示行为、概念的抽象名词后缀: adventure, literature 52. -ity 常将形容词转变为名词的后缀: density, majority 53. -ous 形容词后缀: disastrous, nervous 54. -ment 常将动词转变为名词: payment, requirement 55. -ant 多为形容词或名词后缀: resistant, applicant 56. -able 常将动词转变为形容词: advisable, suitable 57. -age 多为名词后缀: courage, usage 58. -tive 多为形容词后缀: attractive, creative 59. -sion 多为名词后缀: confusion, impression ➢ 其他常见后缀 (表示人物、施动者或制剂的名词后缀) 60. -an: librarian, musician 61. -ess: actress, princess 62. -ist: pianist, specialist 63. -ar: beggar, burglar 64. -or: editor, operator 65. -eer: engineer, volunteer 66. -ent: correspondent, recipient (表示状态、性质、行为或处境的名词后缀) 67. -ance: performance, resistance 68. -ism: criticism, mechanism 69. -ancy: discrepancy, hesitancy 70 -ness: happiness, kindness 71. -dom: freedom, kingdom 72. -ery: bravery, machinery 73. -tude: gratitude, magnitude 74. -hood: childhood, likelihood 75. -ty: loyalty, novelty (表示转化、产生、拥有的动词后缀) 76. -ize, -ise: organize/-ise, realize/-ise 77. -ate: accelerate, regulate 78. -en: strengthen, threaten 79. -ish: establish, vanish 80. -fy: amplify, identify (表示性质或特征的存在或缺失的形容词后缀) 81. -ible: responsible, visible 82. -al: brutal, central 83. -ate: considerate, intermediate 84. -ful: painful, wonderful 85. -less: hopeless, restless 86. -ly: orderly, timely 87. -some: tiresome, troublesome 88. -y: bloody, worthy |
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